Data Licensing

Last reviewed: September 16, 2026

This page explains what you may do with data and research published on NumberResearch.org, and how to attribute it.

Our derived datasets: CC BY 4.0

The derived datasets, tables, and figures that NumberResearch.org produces — our normalized data, change records, computed counts, and accompanying analysis — are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, with attribution to NumberResearch.org.

In practice: you may copy, redistribute, and adapt our derived data, including commercially, provided you credit NumberResearch.org, link to the license, and indicate if you made changes.

Upstream data belongs to its sources

Our datasets are derived from official publications of numbering administrators and regulators, listed on the Data Sources page. The underlying source data is theirs, not ours:

• Facts originating in NANPA publications (area code database, CO code assignments, planning letters) should be attributed to NANPA.
• Facts originating in CNAC publications should be attributed to CNAC.
• Facts originating in FCC reports should be attributed to the FCC.

Our CC BY 4.0 license covers our derived work — the normalization, diffs, computations, and analysis — and does not grant or restrict any rights in the upstream sources themselves. For authoritative or legal use, consult the original publications. We do not redistribute the LERG™ (a product of iconectiv) or any other restricted dataset, and nothing on this site includes such data.

How to cite

A citation should identify us, the dataset, the source file date shown on the page, and the upstream source. Example formats:

• Dataset citation: NumberResearch.org, "CO Code Assignments — [NPA]," derived from NANPA CO code assignment data (file date: [date]), retrieved [date], [URL]. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
• In-text citation: According to NANPA assignment data (file date [date]) as compiled by NumberResearch.org, [claim].
• Article citation: NumberResearch.org Data Desk, "[Article title]," NumberResearch.org, [publication date], [URL].

Please cite the file date shown on the page you used. Counts on this site are computed from dated source files (see Methodology), so an undated citation cannot be verified.

Trademarks

NANPA, Somos, CNAC, FCC, CRTC, LERG™, and iconectiv are names or marks of their respective organizations, used here only to identify sources and products. Their use does not imply affiliation or endorsement; see Ownership & Funding.

Licensing questions

For uses not clearly covered here, or bulk-access questions: research@numberresearch.org.